Final answer:
The primary oocytes stay in an arrested state until the onset of puberty. Meiosis resumes in the primary oocytes, resulting in the formation of secondary oocytes. Only one surviving oocyte is capable of being fertilized.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary oocytes stay in an arrested state until the onset of puberty. At this point, a surge of luteinizing hormone triggers the resumption of meiosis in the primary oocytes, initiating their transition to secondary oocytes. The secondary oocytes are released during ovulation and may or may not complete meiosis and produce polar bodies. Only one surviving oocyte is capable of being fertilized.