Final answer:
The protein responsible for the shortening of muscle cells to produce movement is the contractile protein, particularly actin and myosin. The protein involved in shortening of muscle cells to produce movement is contractile protein. Contractile proteins, such as myosin and actin, are responsible for the contraction of muscles. They slide past each other to shorten the muscle cells, leading to movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of protein involved with the shortening of muscle cells to produce movement is contractile proteins. Specifically, actin and myosin are the principal proteins responsible for the contraction of muscles. These proteins interact with each other in the sliding filament model of muscle contraction, where the actin and myosin filaments slide past each other to create muscle shortening, with the energy for this process provided by ATP hydrolysis.