Final answer:
Email and web-based attacks are effective due to lack of AUP, training, enforcement, and outdated anti-spam technologies. Stronger security measures and continuous education about cyber threats are essential. Simulated phishing emails are one method used by institutions to increase awareness and vigilance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Email and web-based attacks are highly successful for several reasons. One significant reason is the lack of an effective Acceptable Use Policy (AUP), which leads to a breach in maintaining proper cybersecurity practices. Additionally, lack of training among users makes them vulnerable to phishing scams and other deceitful tactics hackers employ. Many users are unable to identify suspicious emails or understand the dangers of clicking unknown links. Without systematic training and enforcement of security protocols, users may inadvertently compromise their personal information or organizational data.
Moreover, the issue of outdated anti-spam technology leaves systems unprotected against new and evolving methods of cyberattacks. Hackers continuously develop new strategies to evade detection, and outdated technology cannot keep up with these advances, making attacks more likely to succeed. Incorporating stronger protections like two-factor authentication, creating complex passwords, and educating users on potential scams are crucial steps in mitigating risks.
Finally, as more personal and professional activities shift online, the risk of exposure to cyber threats increases. According to Pew Research Center, concerns regarding online privacy have soared, alongside incidents of online harassment and data theft. Regular simulations, like the fake phishing emails sent by university IT departments, can help in creating a culture of vigilance and proactive response to potential cyber threats.