Final answer:
OS Detection is a process that uses information about a system's TCP stack to identify its operating system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that uses information such as the way that a system's TCP stack responds to queries, what TCP options it supports, and the initial window size it uses is OS Detection. OS Detection is a technique used in network scanning to identify the operating system of a target host by analyzing its network behavior.
This technique, often implemented using tools like Nmap, allows security professionals to gain insights into the target system's vulnerabilities, configuration, and potential security risks.
By understanding how an operating system behaves on the network, security experts can better protect their own systems by patching vulnerabilities or configuring firewall rules.