Final answer:
A Cat II ILS provides precision landing capabilities in low visibility, requiring a decision height of 100-200 feet and an RVR of at least 1,000 feet. It necessitates specific aircraft equipment, pilot training, and airport ground facilities including advanced lighting systems and precise guidance equipment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The criteria for a Cat II ILS (Category II Instrument Landing System) are established to provide precision landing capabilities in reduced visibility conditions. The Cat II ILS is designed for scenarios where the runway visibility is lower than that required for a Cat I approach but not as low as for Cat III approaches. Cat II approaches typically require a decision height between 100 feet and 200 feet above the ground level, and a runway visual range (RVR) of not less than 1,000 feet or 300 meters.
In addition to visibility requirements, Cat II operations demand specific aircraft equipment, pilot qualifications, and airport ground facilities, including lighting systems and runway markings. The aircraft must be equipped with autoland or a flight director system along with redundant power supplies, and pilots must undergo specialized training and maintain currency for low-visibility operations. The airport's infrastructure must also support the precision approach with features like a well-defined electronic glide path and lateral guidance which must be maintained and calibrated to ensure accuracy.