Final answer:
Conventional methods for job analysis include observation, surveys, and interviews, with each method offering different strengths. Reliability issues have been noted, especially when relying on job holders' self-reports. The O*Net database by the U.S. Department of Labor provides comprehensive job analysis data and labor market information.
Step-by-step explanation:
Conventional methods for collecting information for job analysis typically involve a combination of observation, surveys, and interviews. Through observation, it is possible to understand the tasks and skills involved in a job by watching an experienced individual perform their role. Surveys can be distributed among employees to gather large amounts of data efficiently regarding the tasks, knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a given job.
Interviews, whether they are one-on-one, panel, in-depth or focus groups, provide qualitative insights into the job's requirements, as well as the work context and activities. This method offers a more detailed perspective when collecting job-related data. However, relying solely on interviews, especially from current job holders, may present reliability issues as found by Dierdorff & Wilson (2003). They suggested that these may be less reliable without speculating on the reasons.
The United States Department of Labor's O*Net database is another valuable resource that provides a wealth of information on the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) required for many occupations. Job analysts can use O*Net to review existing job analysis data and to understand labor market trends, including average earnings and job growth for various industries.