Final answer:
During the maturity stage of Ego Identity vs. Despair, individuals must assess their lives to achieve a sense of integrity, by reflecting on accomplishments and contributions, rather than succumbing to despair.
Step-by-step explanation:
The important question to be answered during the maturity stage of Ego Identity vs. Despair, which occurs from the mid-60s to the end of life, is how an individual assesses their life and their contributions to society to achieve a sense of integrity rather than falling into despair. According to Erik Erikson's theory, this stage is characterized by reflection on one’s life achievements and failures. Those who feel a sense of pride and satisfaction in their accomplishments are likely to develop the virtue of wisdom, feeling a sense of integrity. However, those who look back with regret and feel that their life was wasted struggle with feelings of despair. This stage involves coming to terms with one's life, embracing one's past, and either achieving a sense of fulfillment or facing the end of life with bitterness and depression. Key aspects of this period include evaluating and making sense of life meaning and solidifying one's legacy.