Question

1. What characteristics are common among operating systems? List types of operating systems, and

examples of each. How does the device affect the functionality of an operating system?

Answer 1

Operating systems manage hardware resources, provide interfaces, and execute processes. Types include desktop, server, mobile, and embedded systems, with examples like Windows, Linux, Android, and iOS. Device specifications influence the OS functionality.

Step-by-step explanation:

Common characteristics among operating systems include managing hardware resources, providing a user interface, executing and managing processes, handling system input and output, providing a file system, ensuring security, and allowing for network connectivity. Four main types of operating systems are:

• Desktop operating systems: Examples include Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux distributions like Ubuntu or Fedora.
• Server operating systems: Examples include Windows Server, Linux Server distributions such as CentOS, and UNIX.
• Mobile operating systems: Examples include Android, iOS, and HarmonyOS.
• Embedded operating systems for devices like routers or smart TVs: Examples include VxWorks, Embedded Linux, and Tizen.

The device on which an operating system runs greatly affects its functionality. For instance, a mobile operating system is designed for touch input and power efficiency, while desktop operating systems offer functionality suited to keyboard and mouse input. The hardware limitations, such as CPU power, memory, and storage, also determine what an operating system can do on a particular device.

Answer 2

Operating systems have common characteristics such as managing resources and providing an interface. The device affects an operating system's functionality. Examples of operating systems include Windows, macOS, Linux, and mobile operating systems.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Common characteristics among operating systems include managing computer hardware and software resources, providing an interface for users to interact with the computer, and controlling the execution of programs. Types of operating systems include Windows (examples: Windows 10, Windows 7), macOS (example: macOS Catalina), Linux (examples: Ubuntu, Debian), and mobile operating systems (examples: Android, iOS).
2. The device affects the functionality of an operating system because different devices have different hardware components and capabilities. For example, an operating system designed for desktop computers may not be compatible with smartphones or tablets. The functionality of an operating system may also be influenced by the device's processing power, memory, storage capacity, and input/output capabilities.