Final answer:
Disulfiram (Antabuse) is given to patients committed to quitting alcohol as it causes unpleasant effects like flushing and nausea when alcohol is consumed by blocking acetaldehyde conversion. It is vital to be committed and under medical supervision due to the severe reactions and risks during alcohol withdrawal.
Step-by-step explanation:
Disulfiram (Antabuse) is primarily given to patients who are absolutely committed to quitting alcohol because it creates highly unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed. This medication works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is responsible for converting acetaldehyde (a byproduct of ethanol) into acetic acid. As a result, the acetaldehyde accumulates in the body, causing symptoms such as flushing, nausea, dizziness, sweating, headache, and low blood pressure. These aversive effects are intended to deter the person from drinking alcohol. Due to the severity of these reactions, it is crucial that patients taking Disulfiram are fully committed to abstinence, as consuming alcohol while on this medication can be extremely unpleasant and possibly hazardous.
Moreover, drug withdrawal can be a difficult and sometimes life-threatening process for individuals with a history of high doses of alcohol. Therefore, it is important that patients undergoing withdrawal, especially with the aid of Disulfiram, do so under strict medical supervision to ensure safety and effectiveness.