Final answer:
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, occurs when a person's blood pressure readings are consistently at or above 140/90 mm Hg, increasing risk for various cardiovascular diseases and often requiring lifestyle changes or medication for management.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hypertension occurs when the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated, typically at or above 140/90 mm Hg. Cardiovascular diseases, such as heart disease and stroke, are increased risks for individuals with hypertension. Although often symptomless, hence dubbed the "silent killer", hypertension can lead to serious health issues, including heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, and chronic kidney disease.
It's important to monitor blood pressure regularly, as hypertension is typically diagnosed during health checks for other issues. Lifestyle changes and medications are common methods for managing hypertension to reduce the risk of associated health conditions.