Final answer:
The correct formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO₄, represented by option A. It consists of a copper ion with a 2+ charge and a sulfate ion. This compound also has a hydrated form known as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O).
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for copper(II) sulfate is A. CuSO₄. This compound is composed of one copper ion with a 2+ charge (Cu2+) and one sulfate ion (SO42-).
The numbers in parenthesis indicate the oxidation state of the copper ion. Copper can form cations with either 1+ or 2+ charges, but in this case, we are dealing with copper(II), which means that copper has a 2+ charge.
An example of a chemical reaction involving copper(II) sulfate can be seen in the equation: 2 CuSO4 + 4KI → 2CuI + 2K2SO4 + I2. In this equation, coefficients suggest the stoichiometry of the reaction showing that two moles of copper (II) sulfate react with four moles of potassium iodide.
Additionally, the hydrated form of copper(II) sulfate, which includes five water molecules, is written as CuSO4·5H2O and is known as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.