Final answer:
The main goal of psychoanalysis is to help individuals gain insight into the unconscious conflicts that are the source of their problems, aligning with option C as the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main goal of psychoanalysis is to help individuals gain insight into the unconscious conflicts that are the source of their problems. Psychoanalysis, as developed by Sigmund Freud, posits that the unconscious mind houses repressed memories and desires that shape our behaviors and experiences. Freud employed techniques such as dream analysis, free association, and the observation of slips of the tongue to explore the unconscious. He believed that bringing the repressed material into conscious awareness through these psychoanalytic techniques could lead to a better understanding of one's problems and eventually healing. Freud's perspective laid the foundation for understanding and resolving psychological distress by reconciling internal conflicts.
The other options—A, B, and D—refer to different therapeutic approaches. Option A suggests a cognitive approach, emphasizing the correction of irrational beliefs. Option B is associated with Carl Rogers's client-centered therapy and his emphasis on unconditional positive regard, not a primary goal of psychoanalysis. Option D refers to behavior modification techniques used in behavioral therapy. While these are all valid therapeutic techniques, they do not encapsulate the main objective of Freudian psychoanalysis, which is uniquely focused on uncovering and understanding the unconscious mind.