Final answer:
In modern legal contexts, surveillance for adultery must be discreet and legal to ensure evidence is admissible, reflecting a departure from historical practices such as those in the Lex Julia.
Step-by-step explanation:
When conducting a surveillance to establish proof of adultery, it is important to understand the legal implications and historical context of such actions. Historically, laws such as those in the Lex Julia allowed for extreme measures like killing the adulterer and detaining witnesses to prove adultery. However, modern legal systems do not condone such actions, focusing instead on gathering evidence discreetly and without causing harm. Surveillance must be conducted carefully to avoid alerting the individuals being observed, as their behavior is more likely to change if they know they are being watched. Tactics such as setting up hidden cameras and conducting observations from a distance are examples of how to collect evidence without being conspicuous. It is critical that any evidence gathered is obtained legally to prevent it from being dismissed in court as 'fruit of the poisonous tree,' meaning that illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in legal proceedings.