Final answer:
Yes, a department or agency can operate smoothly without a 'head' (appointee) due to established structures, processes, and the presence of other officials who can step in and ensure smooth operation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Yes, a department or agency can operate smoothly without a 'head' (appointee). While the head of a department or agency is responsible for providing direction and leadership, there are often other officials within the department who can step in and ensure the smooth operation of the organization. For example, there are deputy secretaries, assistant secretaries, and undersecretaries who can take on additional responsibilities in the absence of a department head.
Furthermore, departments and agencies have established structures and processes in place to ensure continuity and efficiency. They have well-defined roles and responsibilities for different positions, and employees are trained to carry out their duties independently.
However, it is important to note that having a qualified and competent head appointed by the president can contribute to the overall effectiveness and coordination within a department or agency.