Final answer:
The five major terrain features found on a topographic map are hills, valleys, depressions, steep cliffs, and gentle slopes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The five major terrain features found on a topographic map are hills, valleys, depressions, steep cliffs, and gentle slopes.
Hills: Rounded or dome-shaped elevations that rise above the surrounding terrain.
Valleys: Extended low areas typically situated between ranges of hills or mountains and often with a river or stream running along their length.
Depressions: Low points in the terrain that may be represented by closed contour lines with hachure marks that indicate a terrain that sinks below the adjacent landscape.
Steep cliffs: Areas where the terrain elevation changes very abruptly, indicated by contour lines that are very close to each other.
Gentle slopes: Areas of subtle incline or decline in the elevation of the terrain, shown by contour lines that are spaced wider apart compared to steep terrain.
Understanding these terrain features through their representation on a topographic map allows for the planning of hikes, camping trips, property assessment, or any construction or landscaping projects. The interpretation of topographic maps is essential for identifying geologic hazards like landslides or flooding.