Final answer:
The correct formula and name of an acid from the options provided is d. HClO₂, chlorous acid. Other options are incorrect because their given names do not match their formulas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking to identify the correct formula and name of an acid from the given options. The correct option that shows both the correct formula and the correct name of an acid is d. HClO₂, chlorous acid. It is important to note that formulas and names of acids must match correctly; they are based on the composition and oxidation state of the non-hydrogen element in the acid.
- The correct name for H₃SO₄ is sulfuric acid, not phosphoric acid.
- The correct name for HI is hydroiodic acid, not iodic acid.
- The correct name for HNO₂ is nitrous acid, not hydro nitrous acid.
The listed acid HClO₂ is named chlorous acid because it has one less oxygen than chloric acid (HClO₃), which is not one of the options provided. The prefixes and suffixes in the names of acids reflect the composition of the acid, particularly the presence and number of oxygen atoms relative to the central atom, such as chlorine in this case.