Final answer:
Eukaryotic cells can have locomotor appendages such as cilia and flagella, which facilitate movement. These structures are composed of microtubules and powered by motor proteins. Protists, like Paramecium, use cilia, while others like Euglena have a flagellum for propulsion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Locomotor Appendages of Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells may possess various locomotor appendages that assist in movement. Among these appendages are cilia and flagella, which are organelles associated with cell motility. For example, a Paramecium uses cilia, hair-like structures, to propel itself through its environment. An Amoeba extends portions of its cytoplasm to form pseudopodia ("false feet") that enable it to crawl along surfaces. The Euglena, on the other hand, uses a flagellum, a whip-like tail, for movement. Both cilia and flagella are composed of a 9+2 array of microtubules, powered by motor proteins dynein and kinesin, allowing for their motion. These structures are indicative of a complex evolutionary history, where the ancestral eukaryotes had the ability to form these appendages during at least some part of their life cycle.