Question

Which adrenal gland hormone is correctly paired with one of its effects?

a. Growth hormone; stimulates growth, especially skeletal muscle and bone
-Growth hormone stimulates cell division and growth, particularly within the muscular and skeletal systems.
b. cortisol; increases blood glucose level
-Cortisol, a glucocorticoid, increases blood levels of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. This hormone also suppresses the immune system.
c. Hormones are released into the blood and transported throughout the body, whereas paracrines act locally, generally within the same tissue.
d. Insulin, a water-soluble hormone, binds to a receptor in the plasma membrane of the target cell.
-Water-soluble hormones, such as insulin, act on receptors in the plasma membrane. Typically, hormone binding activates G proteins and intracellular second-messenger systems.

Answer 1

Cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress, increases blood glucose levels and suppresses the immune system.

Step-by-step explanation:

The hormone cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex as a response to stress and to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation. It is classified as a glucocorticoid due to its role in glucose metabolism. Cortisol has multiple effects on the body, including increasing blood glucose levels by stimulating glucose synthesis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, and releasing fatty acids from adipose tissue. Additionally, cortisol has an immune system-suppressing effect, which can reduce inflammation but also increases susceptibility to infection if used as a medication over the long term.