Final answer:
The application of privacy legislation is determined by the privacy laws and who oversees these rules, which include provisions from the Freedom of Information Act and the General Data Protection Regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The application of privacy legislation is determined by b. the privacy laws and who oversees it. This encompasses both government and private entities, and how they handle and protect the personal information of individuals. In the context of digital data, both the United States and the European Union have set forth specific laws to regulate the access to and processing of personal data.
In the US, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) allows citizens to request government documents, with certain exceptions for privacy, national security, and other sensitive information. Similarly, the European Union has enacted stringent data protection laws, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which impose strict rules on data collection and processing. The right to privacy is a fundamental human right acknowledged by various countries, though the extent of this right in relation to state and government interests, such as national security, can be subject to ongoing debate and tension.