Final answer:
In CaSO4, ionic bonds are present between Ca and the sulfate ion, and polar covalent bonds are present within the sulfate ion itself.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the molecule CaSO4, different types of bonds are present. Calcium (Ca) is a metal, while sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) are nonmetals. According to the periodic table and the general rules of bonding, the bonds between a metal and a nonmetal, like Ca and S or Ca and O, are likely ionic bonds. On the other hand, the bonds within the sulfate ion (SO42-) between sulfur and oxygen are polar covalent bonds, because these involve the unequal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms with different electronegativities.
Types of Chemical Bonds
In general, a nonpolar covalent bond is characterized by the equal sharing of electrons between two atoms. A polar covalent bond involves the unequal sharing of electrons, leading to a slightly negative and a slightly positive side. An ionic bond occurs when there is a complete transfer of electrons from one atom (usually a metal) to another (usually a nonmetal), resulting in the formation of ions.