Final answer:
BF₃ is the molecule that includes a central atom that does not obey the octet rule. The boron atom in BF₃ has only six electrons in its valence shell instead of eight.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the given molecules, BF₃ is the molecule that includes a central atom that does not obey the octet rule. The boron atom in BF₃ has only six electrons in its valence shell instead of the usual eight. Although it is possible to draw a Lewis structure with a double bond between boron and fluorine, experimental evidence suggests that the actual structure has three single bonds and an electron-deficient boron.