Final answer:
The correct answer is D. Personal defenses in both cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is D. Personal defenses in both cases.
In case 1, Angel can claim a personal defense. The fact that she issued a check and later found out the diamond to be an ordinary glass does not absolve her from the responsibility of paying for the item. It is her responsibility to verify the authenticity of the diamond before making the purchase.
In case 2, Ben can also claim a personal defense. He obtained the signature of Cris for autograph purposes and did not have any knowledge or intention of writing a promissory note above the signature. Therefore, he is not responsible for any obligations arising from the note.