Final answer:
The efferent arteriole is the structure through which blood exits the kidney, resulting in higher pressure due to its narrower diameter.
Step-by-step explanation:
The efferent arteriole is the structure through which blood exits the kidney, and is much narrower in diameter, resulting in higher pressure. Blood flow in the kidney is crucial for proper renal function, as nephrons act as the "functional units" of the kidney. After filtration in the glomerulus, blood passes through the efferent arteriole where it forms the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta before returning to the venous system. The efferent arteriole follows the renal tubule of the nephron, interacting with the filtrate within.