Final answer:
Isotopes are not a fundamental component of an atom; rather, atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Isotopes are versions of elements that differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus. The review question 'What are atoms that vary in the number of neutrons found in their nuclei called?' has the answer: Isotopes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Atoms are made up of all EXCEPT which of the following: Isotopes, Electrons, Protons, Neutrons? The correct answer is Isotopes.
An atom is composed of a variety of subatomic particles, but isotopes are not one of its fundamental components. Instead, isotopes are versions of elements which differ in the number of neutrons they contain within their nucleus. Atoms essentially consist of three subatomic particles: protons and neutrons that comprise the nucleus, and electrons that orbit the nucleus. While protons and neutrons give mass to the atom and determine the element, electrons have a negligible mass and orbit the nucleus at near light speeds. The unique counts of protons, neutrons, and electrons define the physical and chemical properties of the atom.
The answer to the review question, 'What are atoms that vary in the number of neutrons found in their nuclei called?' is b. Isotopes. It is important to note that isotopes are whole versions of an element, distinguished by the number of neutrons, rather than a constituent part of an atom, like protons, neutrons, and electrons.