Final answer:
Alcohols, such as ethyl and isopropyl alcohol, kill bacteria by denaturing proteins and disrupting membranes. They are commonly used as disinfectants and antiseptics due to their ability to rapidly denature proteins and disrupt membranes. However, alcohols are not sporicidal and may cause skin irritation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alcohols, such as ethyl and isopropyl alcohol, kill bacteria by denaturing proteins and disrupting membranes. They inhibit cell metabolism and cause cell lysis. Ethanol and isopropyl alcohol are commonly used as disinfectants and antiseptics due to their ability to rapidly denature proteins and disrupt membranes. They are typically used in concentrations of about 70% aqueous solution, as higher concentrations can coagulate surface proteins and prevent effective penetration of cells. However, alcohols are not sporicidal and may cause skin irritation due to dehydration. They are also flammable and should be used with caution.