Final answer:
Hydrophilic molecules, charged ions, and large molecules such as glucose require integral proteins known as transport proteins, operating via facilitated diffusion, to move through the plasma membrane.
Step-by-step explanation:
Molecules that require the aid of integral proteins to move through the plasma plasma membrane are typically hydrophilic molecules, charged ions, and relatively large molecules such as glucose. The type of transport that involves these proteins is called facilitated diffusion. The integral proteins act as transport proteins and can be either channels or carriers. Channel proteins provide a hydrophilic pathway for polar compounds to pass through the membrane, effectively bypassing the lipid bilayer's hydrophobic core.