Final answer:
The four basic techniques to evaluate the terrain's effects on COAs are topographic mapping, remote sensing, field surveys, and GIS.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four basic techniques to evaluate the terrain's effects on COAs (Courses of Action) are:
- Topographic Mapping: It involves creating detailed maps of the terrain, which helps in understanding the elevation, slope, and features of the land.
- Remote Sensing: This technique uses satellite imagery and aerial photography to gather information about the terrain from a distance.
- Field Surveys: Conducting on-ground surveys to collect data about the terrain, such as soil composition, vegetation, and landforms.
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Utilizing computer technology to analyze and visualize terrain data, allowing for more comprehensive evaluations and simulations.