Final answer:
Congress has the power to appropriate money to different Federal Government departments, a role that is enshrined in the Constitution as the power of the purse, allowing it to control government spending. This is a fundamental check on presidential power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that Congress can appropriate money to different departments of the Federal Government is true. Congress holds the power of the purse, a significant authority that enables it to manage and allocate federal funding. This power is outlined in Section 9 Clause 7 of the Constitution, which grants Congress the exclusive right to control government spending, ensuring the president cannot spend public money without Congress's explicit approval through an appropriations bill.
The federal budget process involves recommendations from the president, which Congress can approve, amend, or reject. The final budget reflects the spending priorities of both Congress and the presidency, covering a variety of services and programs. This includes expenditures on defense, education, infrastructure, and more.
It is a critical check and balance in the American political system that helps to prevent any single branch from wielding unlimited power.