Final answer:
Monarchies, oligarchies, and tyrannies differ from democracies by the concentration of power; in the former, it's held by an individual or a small group, whereas in a democracy, power is exercised by the majority or their elected representatives, aiming to serve the interests of all citizens.
Step-by-step explanation:
Monarchies, oligarchies, monarchies or kingships, and tyrannies are different forms of governance that contrast with democracy in terms of who wields power and how that power is exercised. A monarchy involves a single ruler, such as a king or queen, who typically comes to power through hereditary succession and can rule until death or abdication, which may vary from ceremonial to absolute power. An oligarchy is a form of government where power lies in the hands of a few, often the elite or a specific party, making decisions for their own advantage. A tyranny, on the other hand, is a form of monarchy that has become corrupt, with a ruler who serves their own interests rather than those of the people.
Against this backdrop, democracy stands out as a system wherein the majority rules, usually through elected representatives, serving the interests of a broader populace. It seeks to promote basic human rights and justice for all citizens, though achieving and maintaining such ideals can be challenging. Democratic systems contrast with non-democratic forms of governance where power is concentrated in the hands of an individual or a small group which may lead to civil liberties violations and economic inequality.