Question

In the first half of the 20th century, AT&T used vacuum tubes to construct amplifiers that made

long distance telephone calls possible. AT&T funded research to develop a semiconductor
replacement to the vacuum tube. The research resulted in the invention of the:

Answer 1

AT&T's research in the early 20th century led to the invention of the transistor, a major technological breakthrough that replaced the vacuum tube and facilitated the miniaturization and improvement of electronic devices.

Step-by-step explanation:

During the first half of the 20th century, AT&T employed vacuum tubes for amplifiers to facilitate long-distance telephone calls. In search of a more efficient alternative, AT&T funded research that led to the groundbreaking invention of the transistor in 1948 by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley of Bell Laboratories.

The transistor, which replaced the vacuum tube, was more compact, durable, and energy-efficient, revolutionizing not just telephony, but also catalyzing advancements in computing, radios, and a broad spectrum of electronic devices.