Final answer:
The model of representation where elected officials act strictly according to their constituents' wishes, regardless of personal views, is known as the 'delegate' model. Legislators acting within this framework are referred to as 'delegates'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory you're referring to is known as the delegate model of representation. In this model, elected officials are expected to act in accordance with their constituents' preferences, rather than their personal beliefs. Legislators who operate under this model are often labeled as 'delegates', indicating that they are chosen to directly convey the policy preferences of the people who elected them through their legislative actions.
In comparison, there is also the trustee model of representation, which suggests that constituents elect a representative with the trust that they'll use their own judgment to make decisions that are in the best interest of the constituents, even if those decisions do not align with the constituents' immediate preferences.
Moreover, the politico model of representation describes lawmakers who balance both delegate and trustee functions, acting as a delegate or trustee based on what they believe serves their constituency or the nation best in a given situation.
It's worth noting that another model, termed partisan representation, emphasizes the legislator's alignment with their political party, sometimes over the direct wishes of their constituents. However, the original question pertains to the delegate model, where the relationship between the elected official and their constituents is paramount.