Final answer:
Andrew Jackson's veto of the Second Bank of the United States' charter renewal ushered in the Bank War, which marked the decentralization of banking power and the demise of the national bank.
Step-by-step explanation:
The era that was ushered in by Andrew Jackson's veto of the second bank of the United States' charter renewal is known as the Bank War. Jackson vetoed the re-chartering bill of the Second Bank of the United States in 1832, arguing that it promoted elitism and favored the wealthy at the expense of the common man. This marked a turning point in U.S. financial and political history, as it led to the eventual demise of the national bank and the decentralization of banking power.