Final answer:
The National Banking System was a series of initiatives by the U.S. government to establish a regulated and uniform banking system. It included the establishment of the Bank of the United States in 1790 and the National Bank Acts of 1863 and 1864.
Step-by-step explanation:
The National Banking System (NBS) refers to several initiatives taken by the United States government to establish a more regulated and uniform banking system. One of the early initiatives was the establishment of the Bank of the United States in 1790, which aimed to discipline state banks that issued paper money irresponsibly. Another significant effort was the National Bank Acts of 1863 and 1864, which created a national banking system and a uniform national currency. These measures required banks to purchase U.S. bonds and allowed them to issue banknotes based on their bond holdings.