Final answer:
Recall bias is the tendency to recall information that confirms prior beliefs. It is a cognitive bias that affects memory and decision-making. Other related biases include confirmation bias, hindsight bias, representative bias, and the availability heuristic.
Step-by-step explanation:
Recall bias refers to the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information that confirms or supports prior beliefs. It is one of the cognitive biases that affect memory and decision-making. For example, if someone believes that their professor is not nice, they may only focus on instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring all the pleasant interactions.
The confirmation bias is a related cognitive bias that leads individuals to focus on information that confirms their existing beliefs. Hindsight bias makes individuals believe that an event was predictable after it has occurred. Representative bias involves unintentional stereotyping of someone or something based on personal stereotypes. The availability heuristic is a cognitive shortcut where individuals make judgments based on examples that are easily recalled or recent, even if they may not be statistically representative.