Final answer:
The theories that explain why others' presence arouses us are the James-Lange theory and the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory. According to the James-Lange theory, emotions arise from physiological arousal, while the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory emphasizes the role of cognitive interpretation in emotional experiences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two theories that explain why others' presence arouses us are the James-Lange theory and the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory. According to the James-Lange theory, emotions arise from physiological arousal, meaning that we experience emotions after experiencing a physiological response. For example, if we encounter a venomous snake, our sympathetic nervous system would initiate physiological arousal like an increased heart rate. Only after this physiological arousal would we experience fear.
The Schachter-Singer two-factor theory states that emotions are composed of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. This theory suggests that we label our physiological arousal based on the context to produce the emotional experience. In the snake example, the theory maintains that our sympathetic nervous system activation is labeled as fear given the context, leading to our experience of fear.