Final answer:
An informed consent form is necessary in research studies to provide participants with information about the study and protect their rights. It outlines the expectations, risks, and confidentiality involved. Signing the form ensures that participants have given their fully informed consent.
Step-by-step explanation:
An informed consent form is an essential component of any research study. It provides participants with a written description of what to expect during the experiment, including potential risks and implications. It also ensures that participation is completely voluntary and confidential. In cases involving minors, their parents or legal guardians must sign the form. The form serves as a guarantee that participants have been fully informed before giving their consent.