Final answer:
The Magna Carta laid the foundation for freedoms for all Englishmen by guaranteeing rights to noblemen before King John. It established principles of due process and protections for life, liberty, and property, influencing the development of rights and liberties for Englishmen.
Step-by-step explanation:
The document that laid the foundation for freedoms for all Englishmen by first guaranteeing them to noblemen before King John was the Magna Carta (Great Charter) signed by King John in 1215. The Magna Carta codified the principles of due process and established protections for life, liberty, and property for the English nobles. Although originally intended for nobles, it later became regarded as a cornerstone of liberty for all English subjects, including commoners. The Magna Carta's provisions, such as trial by jury and protection against arbitrary punishment, influenced the development of the concept of rights and liberties for Englishmen.