Question

A patient was prepared for intubation by mask ventilation with a mixture of sevoflurane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. One minute after intubation their heart rate increased from 160 to 195 b/m. Soon the patient's end tital carbon dioxide concentration was increased from 35 to 65 mmHg. Also, the patient's oral temperature increased to 38.9 within 5 minutes after induction. What is the patient experiencing

Answer 1

The patient is experiencing hyperpnea, an increased depth and rate of ventilation to meet an increase in oxygen demand. This is different from hyperventilation, which leads to low blood carbon dioxide levels and high pH.

Step-by-step explanation:

The patient is experiencing hyperpnea, which is an increased depth and rate of ventilation to meet an increase in oxygen demand. This is seen in exercise or diseases that target the respiratory or digestive tracts. The increase in heart rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, and oral temperature are all physiological responses of the body to the increased oxygen demand.

Hyperpnea differs from hyperventilation, which is an increased ventilation rate that leads to abnormally low blood carbon dioxide levels and high blood pH. Hyperventilation is not driven by oxygen demand and can occur in situations such as anxiety or panic attacks.