Final answer:
(d) Structural unemployment is when workers' skills do not match job requirements due to factors like geography or technology. Landscapers laid off during a recession are an example of cyclical unemployment, coal miners laid off due to regulations and printers affected by changes in technology are cases of structural unemployment, and a financial analyst moving states would be experiencing frictional unemployment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Unemployment that results from a mismatch between worker qualifications and the requirements of jobs is known as structural unemployment. This type of unemployment can be caused by geographic, technological, or educational disparities, or changes in the economy that alter the kinds of jobs available versus the skill sets of the job seekers.
For the scenarios provided:
- Landscapers laid off during a recession would be experiencing cyclical unemployment, which is tied to the business cycle.
- Coal miners laid off due to EPA regulations represent a case of structural unemployment because changes in industry regulations have made their skills less in demand.
- A financial analyst moving to seek work in a different state would be undergoing frictional unemployment, associated with the time it takes for workers to find new jobs that match their skills.
- Printers laid off due to a decline in the demand for printed materials are facing structural unemployment since technology has changed the nature of their industry.
- Factory workers laid off as plants move abroad are also experiencing structural unemployment due to geographic relocation of the jobs they once held.