Final answer:
Cells are the basic units of life responsible for carrying out all activities in an organism. They have specific structures and functions, including plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, and more. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in their complexity and organelles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cell Structure and Functions
A cell is the basic unit of life and is responsible for carrying out all the activities of an organism. There are two types of cells: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are simple cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and various organelles.
Cell structures include the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, vesicles, and vacuoles. Each structure has specific functions, such as the plasma membrane controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell, the nucleus containing the genetic material, and the mitochondria producing energy through cellular respiration.
In summary, cells are the building blocks of life and have specific structures and functions that allow them to carry out essential processes for an organism to survive.