Final answer:
A radial head fracture is usually diagnosed with an X-ray, with additional imaging required if the fracture is complex or unstable. In such cases, surgery involving stabilization with metal plates and screws might be necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diagnosis of a radial head fracture, typically caused by falls or direct impacts, is commonly ascertained through the use of radiographic imaging (X-rays). After the initial injury, an individual may experience pain and swelling which may initially mask the fracture on X-rays. Often a radiograph taken immediately may not reveal the fracture clearly, hence a follow-up X-ray is sometimes required once the swelling has subsided.
In cases of severe pain or limited range of motion, or if the radiographs indicate a complex fracture, additional imaging techniques such as CT (Computed Tomography) scans or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) may be employed for a more comprehensive assessment. If the fracture is unstable, where the broken ends of the radius do not maintain proper alignment for healing, surgical intervention may be needed. This involves the use of metal plates and screws to stabilize the bone, as well as possibly smoothing out the joint surface if it has become rough or jagged, with the goal of preventing complications such as arthritis and restoring normal function.