Explanation:
the slope-intercept form is
y = ax + b
a being the slope, b being the y-intercept (the y-value when x = 0), which we get from (0, 3) : 3.
the slope is the ratio (y coordinate difference / x coordinate difference) when going from one point on the line to another.
we got 2 points, so, let's use them :
(-4, 0) and (0, 3)
x changes by +4 (from -4 to 0).
y charges by +3 (from 0 to +3).
so, the slope is +3/+4 = 3/4.
therefore, our equation is
y = f(x) = (3/4)x + 3