Final answer:
The correct answer is option c. Hemophilia is a blood disorder characterized by the inability to properly form blood clots due to a deficiency in clotting factors, typically inherited as an X-linked disorder.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder characterized by the body's inability to produce sufficient quantities of certain clotting factors necessary for blood clotting. The correct answer to the student's question is C: Blood is unable to form clots properly. In the most common forms, hemophilia A and B, there is a deficiency or defect in factor VIII and factor IX respectively, which are essential for blood clotting.
These disorders are X-linked, meaning they are typically passed from a healthy female carrier to her male offspring. Females must inherit faulty genes from both parents to be affected by the disease, whereas males need only one mutated gene because they have only one X chromosome. Regular infusions of clotting factors can help manage the condition, and future advances in genetic therapy may offer more solutions.