Final answer:
Energy and work can be measured in joules. Energy is the capacity to do work, and work involves exerting a force over a distance. Power, measured in watts, is the rate of energy transfer, and momentum (not measured in joules) involves the mass and velocity of an object. So the correct options are B and D.
Step-by-step explanation:
The variables among the listed options that can be measured in joules are energy and work. Energy is the capacity to do work or supply heat and can be in various forms including kinetic and potential energy. Work relates to the process of exerting a force over a distance, and it is defined mathematically as the product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.
Power, on the other hand, is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred, and it is measured in watts (joules per second). Momentum is a property related to the mass and velocity of an object and is measured in kilogram meters per second (kg m/s), not joules.