Final answer:
The behavior targeted for change in educational settings using behavior modification techniques is known as target behavior. It is influenced through operant conditioning, using strategies like positive reinforcement and negative punishment to change the frequency or form of a child's behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behavior you are referring to, often targeted for intervention in educational and developmental contexts to be either extinguished or changed, is known as target behavior. This can pertain to a behavior that needs to be decreased in frequency or altogether stopped, or a positive behavior that should be encouraged in other school situations. In the context of behavior modification in children, operant conditioning principles are utilized, which may involve positive reinforcement, negative punishment, or other strategies to influence behavior change. For instance, the use of sticker charts in a token economy system rewards children with a sticker for displaying desirable behavior, and after accumulating a certain number, they receive a prize or another form of reinforcer. The aim is to consistently connect the reinforcement to the behavior in a manner that is meaningful to the child to increase desired behaviors and decrease misbehavior.