Final answer:
Moths with wings that reflect fewer sound waves are eaten less is an example of directional selection. This type of natural selection favors extreme phenotypes, as seen in peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution where darker moths were favored due to better camouflage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phenomenon where moths with wings that reflect fewer sound waves are eaten less by predators is an example of directional selection. This is a form of natural selection where an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes, causing the allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype.
During the Industrial Revolution, the color of the peppered moth population in England shifted from light to dark due to directional selection.
The soot-covered environment favored dark-colored moths, as they were better camouflaged against predators compared to light-colored moths. This demonstrates the impact of environmental changes on species adaptation.
In a similar vein, the camouflage and survival of an endangered butterfly species can also be studied, where patterns on wings allow it to evade predators. This may include traits like eyespots, which could be selected against if they make the butterflies more noticeable to birds and other predators.