Final answer:
Preterm babies may have breathing problems due to a condition called Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) caused by insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant. This can lead to difficulty inflating the lungs and impair gas exchange. Treatment includes supplemental oxygen and respiratory support.
Step-by-step explanation:
Preterm babies may have breathing problems due to a condition called Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). RDS occurs in infants born prematurely, typically before 26 weeks, when sufficient pulmonary surfactant is not produced. Pulmonary surfactant is critical for proper lung inflation, and without it, the lungs cannot function properly for gas exchange. As a result, preterm babies with RDS may have difficulty inflating their lungs and require supplemental oxygen and respiratory support to help them breathe.