Final answer:
During the Cold War, President Eisenhower employed 'massive retaliation' and 'brinkmanship' as strategies to deter Soviet aggression. In the context of the Korean War, Eisenhower used the threat of nuclear weapons to bring about negotiations and an armistice. These concepts were crucial in maintaining peace and protecting American interests.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Reasoning behind 'Massive Retaliation' and 'Brinkmanship'
During the Cold War, the United States under President Eisenhower adopted a strategy known as 'massive retaliation' and 'brinkmanship' to address the threat of Soviet aggression. 'Massive retaliation' involved the use of nuclear weapons to respond to any attack with overwhelming force, while 'brinkmanship' was the willingness to go to the brink of war to maintain peace. These concepts were used to deter the Soviet Union from further aggression and protect American interests.
Eisenhower's Use of 'Massive Retaliation' and 'Brinkmanship' in Ending the Korean War
Eisenhower applied these concepts to help end the Korean War by leveraging the threat of nuclear weapons. The United States made it clear that any attack against them would be met with a direct nuclear assault. This strategy aimed to deter further aggression from North Korea and its allies. By demonstrating the United States' willingness to use nuclear weapons, Eisenhower and his Secretary of State John Foster Dulles created a sense of fear and deterrence, helping to bring about negotiations and eventually an armistice to end the war.