Final answer:
Zinc oxide eugenol cement is used for temporary dental restorations because it has a sedative effect on the tooth pulp, is moderately strong, and forms a good seal against bacterial infection. It's also a biocompatible alternative to mercury-containing dental amalgams, providing temporary protection for the tooth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Zinc oxide eugenol cement is considered the choice for temporary restorations in dentistry due to its favorable properties. When mixed, zinc oxide and eugenol exhibit a sedative effect on the pulp of the tooth and possess moderate strength, which is adequate for short-term use.
This mix also provides a good seal against microleakage, thus protecting against bacterial penetration, which can lead to further decay or infection. Moreover, zinc oxide is safe for human use; it is found in various commercial products such as mouthwashes, antiseptic creams, and dandruff shampoos.
For temporary dental restorations, these properties are highly valued, ensuring that the patient's comfort is maintained while protecting the tooth until a permanent restoration can be placed.
Additionally, due to concerns about the use of mercury in dental amalgams which comprise approximately 50% mercury by weight, zinc oxide eugenol cements serve as a biocompatible alternative offering ease of manipulation and removal without the potential health risks associated with mercury.