Final answer:
The correct aspect of data governance for removing credit card information from servers after a transaction is 'Data are properly destroyed.' This ensures data protection and compliance with PCI DSS standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
The aspect of data governance that is used to ensure that credit card information is removed from company servers after an online payment transaction is successfully processed is c. Data are properly destroyed. Data governance includes various practices related to data management, one of which is the secure and compliant disposal of data that is no longer needed. After a transaction is completed, the sensitive data such as credit card numbers must be destroyed to protect against unauthorized access and potential data breaches. This is critical for maintaining customer trust and adhering to data protection regulations such as the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). Therefore, proper data destruction is a crucial step in data governance of payment processing systems.